tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-17194501288817542912024-03-12T16:55:51.216-07:00Blogging for ICS 691Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.comBlogger7125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-71663331689340975592011-04-18T02:13:00.000-07:002011-04-18T02:29:40.304-07:00Session 7<div style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRvyosnRB7tDGdg9z5DGReVW5-5qKXOrIK_oVeVXJ7BWikOv5lhq-AKHWG_t-HVRtTb2BCEFoAQe_ntL-yPY84gk9oXqUBCvfihEg72oUmgS4ZPwRCRYkpQD9qUMAVGeaV7qFVqUFuqXZT/s1600/Picture+2.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(51, 51, 51); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: none; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><b>Management & Conflict</b></span></span></a></div><div style="background- ;font-family:Times;font-size:medium;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Georgia;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><b>The Official Rules of </b></span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: bold; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><b>PersonalityCafe</b></span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">(which includes </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">INFP Forum</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"> and forum for other personality types): </span></span></span><a href="http://personalitycafe.com/misc.php?do=showrules"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://personalitycafe.com/misc.php?do=showrules</span></span></span></a><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"> </span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">The official rule that governs the forums in </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">PersonalityCafe</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> is quite a concise one. It reminds users tp hold responsibility for any content they had post on the forums, and if there is any objectionable message including “obscene, vulgar, sexually-oriented, hateful, threatening, or otherwise violative of any laws” information posted, it might be remove or edit by the owner of </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">PersonalityCafe.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><b>Negative Examples</b></span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">(and what I will do)</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">#1. A member posted a thread asking if anyone know anything about Immigration Laws because a friend of him/her got some visa problems. I tried to read the messages in this thread again and again but still could not find anything related to personality types in the discussions. However, one INFP member and one member with unknown personality replied to the post in very friendly tones, and it was neither closed nor moved to other forums. It does seems strange to me because 99% of the threads in this forum are discussing issues or topics related to INFP personality type, and since there is a “Cafe Lounge” area including “General Chat” forum and “Advice Center” forum in </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">PersonalityCafe,</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> moving this thread to either place will be more appropriate and will help the author get more useful answers. A suggestive report by any other users in this forum should be encouraged, and of course, a warmly message to the author explaining why the thread should be moved to other forums is indispensable as well. Maybe like what is mentioned in </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">How Oversight Improves Member-Maintained Communities</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, “oversight increased both the quantity and quality of contribution while reducing antisocial behaviour, and peers were as effective at oversight as experts.” Though there are no antisocial behaviour involved in this case, a peer oversight seems to work more effective as well. Besides, my personal opinion will be even the author is an INFP type does not simply mean that all of his/her topics should be putted in this forum. </span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); white-space: normal; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; font-family:Georgia, serif;font-size:16px;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgRvyosnRB7tDGdg9z5DGReVW5-5qKXOrIK_oVeVXJ7BWikOv5lhq-AKHWG_t-HVRtTb2BCEFoAQe_ntL-yPY84gk9oXqUBCvfihEg72oUmgS4ZPwRCRYkpQD9qUMAVGeaV7qFVqUFuqXZT/s400/Picture+2.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5596849612341378050" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 228px; " /></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">#2. The second example is one that made me feel insulted somehow. It initially started with a message encouraging the guys in this forum to discuss what is a “woman”. After 53 replies, the thread was closed. Apparently, some members thought that there was a sense of Sexism in some replies, and then quarrel began. Interestingly, a thread alike this one called </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Ladies, what is a “man”</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> also existed in this forum. And it seems like a coincidence that there are also 53 replies, but it was neither closed, nor there were any aggressive words. I won’t say it is because women users are more moderate, but I will say that the admins did the right thing by closing the thread that contains words that are considered “obscene, vulgar, sexually-oriented” by certain group of people. Besides, there was this member named “tuna” who was very active in the debate, almost like a rogue user to me, not because he is actually “violating the community’s rules or spirit”, but because he is acting in a overaggressive way.</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); white-space: normal; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; font-family:Georgia, serif;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhecjcYbVTrGMfn6uqVs01a5RiUsJ8dPnY-go8hgGIDexRiAn0Yk6riZsCTs2yMmRzRYuIulCHmAKTc5r_1haiws4VQ3trIoxQm4agyJ4sY5VYF7ojc4e_NYbzD-30lJcHwSmhDwYEUXJQJ/s400/Picture+9.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5596849963833406034" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 236px; " /></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">#3. For the third example, I’m sure it is not a post violating any of the official rules, neither it is offensive to anyone. The author posted a same poem twice in the forum, and asked the admin to remove one of it to avoid clutter. This seems like a typical technical mistake that anyone could made when posting, and it could be handled more effectively when the author can reported the mistake by him/herself. Unfortunately, the extra post was not removed or closed by the admin, maybe because the author just left that “ask for delete” message in the post and the admin didn’t see it at all. Although this is a simpler case comparing to others, I’m surprised that it wasn’t handled well. However, if the author can directly report to or request from the admin by mail or on-site message, there might be better results. Besides, when I saw a poem posted, it just reminds me of that caricature of an </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Artiste </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">with a pink flower, who is fond of posting a poem. Although our poem here was not posted “in the midst of battle”, I’m still not sure if it is appropriate for the INFP Forum because it seems to have little relation with the forum, even the author is a INFP. Also, I will consider this a self-aware behavior since the author was trying to get some kind of emotional social support from the forum. Accordingly, the member’s site participation was increased, but the problem is there weren’t many replies. So does it mean other members are not interested at a topic like this? Should they report a post like this if they think it’s not something they expected from a forum? Maybe yes, let’s also have peer oversight here and leave the admins to decide. (To me, the answer is better move it to another forum)</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><br /></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjG2FIlzct8Gl6dS8lXZs54xLqFryFBTGr8BQrDDMdcXMkbI9QgrCmaXplZrukuZixqWVWFWYs8b-xLJOlsObNmeqOh803xZmpaoyQt_H1W5bz4ZSTLZATHY4Z_Jxml4l9jlRsVHpplheNS/s400/Picture+1.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5596850131863537458" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 221px; " /></span></span></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span></span></span><br /><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: bold; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><b>Five “Unwritten Rules”</b></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">First of all, I think the most obvious unwritten rule is that any message that is not related to the topic of being an INFP personality will be inappropriate for the </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">INFP forum</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, and this rule is applicable to the </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">ENTP Forum</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">ISFJ Forum,</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> or </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">ESFP Forum</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> as well.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Second, the admins will tend to move or close threads discussing technical problems, even if it is about this forum. There was this case when a member was asking if there is a chat room for the INFPs, and after the admin posted his reply, the thread was closed.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Third, if a flame war was started, a big chance the thread would be closed.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Then, I guess members should mentioned it if anything they post is is transferred from another forum or anything that has been published elsewhere.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">At last, even not written, this rule will be important in both offline and online environments: one should always act polite, and show respect to others when in a community.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"></span><br /></span></span><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">In general, I have to say there aren’t many post REALLY violating the official rules by posting any information that is “obscene, vulgar, sexually-oriented, hateful, threatening, or otherwise violative of any laws” in the INFP Forum. Can we attribute this to the fact that INFPs are peaceful people and the atmosphere of this forum is warm and supportive? Maybe. Anyhow, the majority of the posts that should be removed or moved is just because they are inappropriate for this forum but will suit another forum in </span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: italic; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">PersonalityCafe</span></span></span><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> by far.</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Reference:</span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; white-space: normal; font-size: 12px; ">Cosley, Dan, Dan Frankowski, Sara Kiesler, Loren Terveen, John Riedl (2005). How Oversight Improves Member-Maintained Communities. CHI 2005, April 2-7 2005, Portland, Oregon.</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; white-space: normal; font-size: 12px; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; ">Kollock, Peter and Marc Smith (1994). Managing the Virtual Commons: Cooperation and Conflict in Computer Communities.<span> </span>In: Susan Herring (ed.), Computer-Mediated Communication: Linguistic, Social, and Cross-Cultural Perspectives.<span> </span>Amsterdam: John Benjamins. 109-128. </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family: Times; font-size: medium; "><span 10="" style="font-size: 9pt; "><a 10="" href="http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/soc/csoc/papers/virtcomm/Virtcomm.htm"><span 10="" style="font-family: Verdana; ">http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/soc/csoc/papers/virtcomm/Virtcomm.htm</span ></a></span></span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; white-space: normal; font-size: 12px; ">Gazan, Rich (2009).<span> </span>When Online Communities Become Self-Aware. Proceedings of the 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, Waikoloa, HI, 5-8 January 2009.</span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span style=" background- font-weight: normal; font-style: normal; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre-wrap; font-family:Arial;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times; white-space: normal; font-size: medium; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; ">Gazan, Rich (2007).<span> </span>Understanding the Rogue User.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times; white-space: normal; font-size: medium; "> </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Times; white-space: normal; font-size: medium; "><span style="font-size: 9pt; font-family: Verdana; ">In: Diane Nahl and Dania Bilal, eds.<span> </span>Information & Emotion: The Emergent Affective Paradigm in Information Behavior Research and Theory. Medford, New Jersey: Information Today, 177-185.</span></span></span></span></span></p><p style="text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Arial;color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="white-space: pre-wrap;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Verdana; white-space: normal; font-size: 12px; ">Reed, Mike (no date). Flame Warriors. <a 10="" href="http://redwing.hutman.net/%7Emreed/index.htm">http://redwing.hutman.net/~mreed/index.htm</a></span></span></span></p></div>Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-3167541063357160862011-04-04T00:14:00.000-07:002011-04-04T00:20:55.407-07:00Session 6<div style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Online Identity in INFP Forum</span></span></span></div><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Introverts, as we might think, are a group of people that would like the style of online communication more than offline communication because of the </span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">features the former one has, like not-face-to-face, anonymity, and easy-to-log-off. However, it is hard to know among those highly active online members, how many are introverts and how many are extroverts. But in an OC (or maybe should call it an online sub community) that is called INFP Forum, it is easier for us to believe that the majority of members here are composed of introverts, or people with INFP personality. Therefore, talking about online identity, the one that works for here could be concluded as a sense of self-identity combined by community belongingness and of being an individual with INFP personality seeking for emotional and informational supports in the meantime, it might also overlap with the members’ offline social identity (which is also introverts) in a great chance. </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">And a comparable condition would be what Ploderer had said in his article about the BodySpace, an online community for bodybuilders. Although INFP Forum is not a passion-centric social network site comparing to BodySpace, they do have similar features and functions, like providing support, information, and make the members have a definite feel of their online identity, or in other words, with a strong sense of community belongingness and self orientation. I think there is some kind of networked individualism included as well here since there are different members with different personalized profiles and preference posting different threads, and forming a variety of networks for themselves. But the difference between an user’s online identity and networked individualism is also obvious: the latter one focuses on the users’ ability or potential of forming one or several networks while the former one emphasizes on the characteristic, and self-cognition on oneself when he or she is in an online environment.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">On a normal day in INFP Forum…</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Sunny day #1</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">A new guy named “</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">a.happy.tree” come into the INFP Forum.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">He has some kind of </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">social anxiety and depression, and had tried to suicide for more than once before. He typed a lot of words talking about his problems, and seemed to be really </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">eager of knowing how a person like him could live happy. </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">I noticed that he said he had post a thread on </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">“What Is My Type?” Forum but because of the </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">atmosphere there made him feel uncomfortable, he deleted that thread and came here.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The thread was posted on </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">03-30-2011 10:18 PM, and until the last post on 04-01-2011 07:53 AM, there were 22 posts including 5 from </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">himself. Among the 17 posts from other members, 7 are just showing friendliness while 10 are giving advices and other information. The host, at the same time, was trying to response to each post, either showing gratitude or having discussions with other members, and I think we can say he is getting what he expected from this forum: supports and information. There was also a member named “Mei” who drew my attention because of the quality and quantity of her posts. And by checking into Mei’s profile, we can know that she is always generous in giving advices to people, and had received so many appreciates from others.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></p><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqoTRMuPrcMfGTCMYIRmJkF9_OsghhvGGenOTfJH_RdeUdgvzH2CpWE-UPM8PdrhmDzy-_KXYwhFCoPxb5QZwDfNRxlT3JfZQPBFUMN9cbRp1rJbedksIAkLB6d-8jaWbqD0r4IH-XHsZn/s1600/Picture+1.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhqoTRMuPrcMfGTCMYIRmJkF9_OsghhvGGenOTfJH_RdeUdgvzH2CpWE-UPM8PdrhmDzy-_KXYwhFCoPxb5QZwDfNRxlT3JfZQPBFUMN9cbRp1rJbedksIAkLB6d-8jaWbqD0r4IH-XHsZn/s400/Picture+1.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5591623670488665666" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 232px; " /></a><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Sunny day #2</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">From another thread called “</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">INFP and ENFP differences</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">” first posted by a member who is an ENFP (we can found this label under one’s user name) in the INFP Forum, there were 57 posts replying to the question regarding the key differences between these two types (INFP&ENFP) of personalities. Among the replies, 27 were coming from ENFP’s, 20 from INFP’s, 7from an ESFJ, one from an INFJ, and one from a member of uncertain personality type.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">I guess this can be counted as a successful thread as well since it raised enough attentions from a number of members and had a reasonable quantity of replies. But it is interesting that even this thread is posted in the INFP Forum, the repliers are composed of more ENFPs than INFPs. Could this be due to the fact that INFPs are more introverted when there are some outsiders involved? Maybe we’ll find out. </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">What interested me more was that an ESFJ was involved in this thread too. First, there was only this one ESFJ replying to the thread; second, this member had posted 7 messages by himself. By checking his profile, we can see that he/she is an elite member who is very active, has lots of friends (145) in this OC, and had both been received (7954) and given (8131) many “Thanks”. </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Rainy day #1</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">For a thread that is uncommon and with little echoes, I think the one that post by “</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">AllorNuthin</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">” asking for members to post their blogs on the thread could be used as an example. Unexpectedly, this thread hadn’t caught that much attention from members of this forum and had only 4 replies including 2 from the host himself. The host, who invited members to post their blogs in the thread got just one response. Since the INFP Forum is quite an active community, I would say this is not a very successful thread and my presumption is that the INFPs might prefer not to expose themselves.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Q: </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: x-large;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">how is online identity shaped and expressed through interactions in this community?</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">A:</span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The online identity in INFP Forum, like what is mentioned above, is a sense of identity of being an INFP personality type, discussing feelings of being an INFP, and trying to either offer or get supports or information from the INFP Forum. The interactions in this community are mostly around the topic of INFP personality. </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">To explain it in detail, firstly, the members are warm and friendly to newbies because they seem to have strong sense of similar-identity with each other.</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> For INFPs, online communication might be easier than offline communication, and since social grooming is such an indispensable need for human beings, the members of INFP Forum intend to rely on the interactions here to maintain enough social ties. In general, it is like what Donath said in</span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></i></span><i><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Signals in Social Supernets, </span></span></span></span></i><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">online communication is </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">“</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">social grooming for the information age”, especially for introverts.</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Secondly, I would propose that the INFPs </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">prefer not to debate too much with outsiders (comparing to insiders with the label “INFP”) from the expression I got from the Sunny day #2 scene. With the label INFP showing in profile, members can get a sense of familiarity with others with the same label, and tend to communicate more with them. It reminds me of what Liu had said in </span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Social Network Profiles as Taste Performances where users’ profile “speak to their identity” and differentiate them from others.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Thirdly, although INFPs don’t like to expose themselves, they tend to trust prestigious members. In fact, this may be applied to all type of members with different personalities. We can see this from the screen snap above and from the case when an active ESFJ named “</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Paranoid Android” had left many posts in a thread in the INFP Forum. In Paranoid Android profile, there are 1427 visitor’s messages not only showing gratitude to Paranoid Android, but also discussing issues, leaving questions, and even sending poems to him on his profile page.</span></span></span></span><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="font-family:Tahoma;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Tahoma, fantasy;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Tahoma, -webkit-fantasy;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Georgia, fantasy;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-xNrXda3RzSeydEQ0H8bq5Zm1B9nNjCKQm6fONda6n2Wq4ISxTSHkln8YgZBPyq5LeJy30crxbIc0qMXtVVYiCs8OufY8gFDWNQcD8ryUCubVRalqGiraqFvbvIhKAlLwZgFuOw6v0cP/s1600/Picture+2.png" onblur="try {parent.deselectBloggerImageGracefully();} catch(e) {}"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjD-xNrXda3RzSeydEQ0H8bq5Zm1B9nNjCKQm6fONda6n2Wq4ISxTSHkln8YgZBPyq5LeJy30crxbIc0qMXtVVYiCs8OufY8gFDWNQcD8ryUCubVRalqGiraqFvbvIhKAlLwZgFuOw6v0cP/s400/Picture+2.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5591624122058354082" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 231px; " /></a></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:Tahoma;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:Tahoma;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Reference: </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Wellman, Barry, Anabel Quan-Haase, Jeffrey Boase, Wenhong Chen, Keith Hampton, Isabel Isla de Diaz and Kakuko Miyata (2003). The Social Affordances of the Internet for Networked Individualism. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 8(3). </span></span><a href="http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol8/issue3/wellman.html"><span style="font-family:Verdana;color:#7E0083;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol8/issue3/wellman.html</span></span></a><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Hodkinson, Paul (2006). Subcultural Blogging? Online Journals and Group Involvement Among UK Goths. In: A. Bruns and J. Jacobs, Uses of Blogs. New York: Peter Lang, 187-199.</span></span><span style="font-family:Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span><a href="http://www.paulhodkinson.co.uk/publications/hodkinsonsubculturalblogging.pdf"><span style="font-family:Verdana;color:#7E0083;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://www.paulhodkinson.co.uk/publications/hodkinsonsubculturalblogging.pdf</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Times;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Donath, Judith. (2007). Signals in Social Supernets. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication 13(1). </span></span><a href="http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/donath.html"><span style="font-family:Verdana;color:#7E0083;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/donath.html</span></span></a><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Ploderer, B., S. Howard & P. Thomas (2008). Being Online, Living Offline: The Influence of Social Ties Over the Appropriation of Social Network Sites. Proceedings of CSCW 2008.</span></span><span style="font-family:Times;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span><a href="http://disweb.dis.unimelb.edu.au/student/rhd/berndp/research/CSCW2008Ploderer.pdf"><span style="font-family:Verdana;color:#7E0083;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://disweb.dis.unimelb.edu.au/student/rhd/berndp/research/CSCW2008Ploderer.pdf</span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Times;"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;"> </span></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">Liu, H. (2007). Social Network Profiles as Taste Performances. Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication, 13(1), article 13. </span></span><a href="http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/liu.html"><span style="font-family:Verdana;color:#7E0083;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: small;">http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/liu.html</span></span></a><span style="mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-size:10.0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <!--EndFragment-->Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-91746486044628155952011-03-14T00:13:00.001-07:002011-03-18T13:07:56.228-07:00Session 5<div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap;font-family:Georgia;" class="Apple-style-span" ><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Social tagging </span></span></b></span></div><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap;font-family:Georgia;" class="Apple-style-span" ><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">vs. </span></span></b></span></div><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: left"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap;font-family:Georgia;" class="Apple-style-span" ><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:large;">Professional cataloging and classification</span></span></b></span></div><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: center"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap;font-family:Georgia;" class="Apple-style-span" ><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></b></span></div><div style="font-family:Times;font-size:medium;color:transparent;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">First, I want to thank Philip who commented on my post last week and brought up the term “controlled vocabulary”. It made me start thinking about the connection between tags on bookmarking sites and CV, and luckily, the readings in this session help me a lot in understanding my concern.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">In </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: italic; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Tagging Video: Conventions and Strategies of the YouTube Community, </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">the authors took YouTube’s tagging system as an example to show us the two main reasons why social tagging system is a necessity: fast growing speed of the items and the difficulties in cataloging or classifying them with a established professional cataloging or classification system. Although the authors only referred to resources like digital videos or moving images, I think the two reasons they concluded can also be applied to resources like websites or web pages, as those in De.li.cious.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">According to the instruction from De.li.cious, tags here are “one-word descriptors” that can be used to organize bookmarks. They “do not form a hierarchy” and can be applied as many as one can to a particular bookmark. Basically, they’re keywords that users created or modified by themselves, like what Geisler and Burns called as “assigned free-form terms”. And the advantages of these tags, cited from De.li.cious, are “driven by personal interests” and “more flexible than fitting information into preconceived categories or folders”.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Speaking of preconceived categories, or </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">professional cataloging and classification terms, the first one that popped up in my mind is the Library of Congress Subject Headings. As an authentic and commonly used system, these authorized headings play an important role in bibliographic control in lib</span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">raries, and help librarians to “collect, organize and disseminate documents” in an effective way. However, it seems that there are few social network sites or online communities are consulting LCSH when intitling their tags. The situation could be due to a number of reasons, but it is also an interesting phenomenon when some of these self-generated tags are also terms in LCSH.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><div style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Therefore, in order to compare between the “LCSH-tags” and “non-LCSH-tags” to see if there are any kinds of relationship, I chose the top 38 tags from the Popular Tag Cloud in De.li.cious.</span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Cambria;"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap" class="Apple-style-span"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: normal; -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underlinefont-family:Georgia, serif;" class="Apple-style-span" ><img style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN: 0px auto 10px; WIDTH: 400px; DISPLAY: block; HEIGHT: 174px; CURSOR: pointer" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5583830655175277954" border="0" alt="" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPSNN4FVHcH5PrHbmBKOlpvf9erhaCOcIVMIWgzSm00h1m13xQ7Ntjcl6hTyrThZQZsxXOPJyfYRhh4N57kSz1il-RMWr96NfiIGT04QXnQVizIZa1K5lyxkOhltSzLDZgk8NFxVl-76HI/s400/Screen+shot+2011-03-12+at+8.24.42+AM.png" /></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Among these tags, there are 23 that can be found as Subject Headings in the Library of Congress Online Catalog, and 15 that can’t. There are several conditions that can be confusing. For example, the tag “web” is not a Subject Heading because “web” is too board as a term in LCSH, instead, there are Subject Headings like “web archiving”, “web browsing”, or “</span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">WEB (Computer program language)</span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">”. “Reference” is not found either but there is a corresponding Subject Heading of “reference and research services”. Also, “development” is not a Subject Heading because there are Subject Headings like “development and education”, “development associates” and etc. At the same time, although some tags can also be found in LCSHs, the meaning of the same term could be different. Like “mac”, as a tag in De.li.cious, it is mostly related to the operating system of Apple’s Macintosh, but as a Subject Heading, it is the </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">pseudonym of mario medina correa. </span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span><table style="BORDER-BOTTOM-STYLE: none; BORDER-RIGHT-STYLE: none; WIDTH: 624px; BORDER-COLLAPSE: collapse; BORDER-TOP-STYLE: none; BORDER-LEFT-STYLE: none"><colgroup><col width="111"><col width="97"><col width="*"><col width="*"><col width="*"><col width="*"></colgroup><tbody><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Also LCSH</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Not LCSH</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Also LCSH</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Not LCSH </span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Also LCSH </span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: left; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:Cambria;color:#333333;"><span style="WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap" class="Apple-style-span"></span></span></p></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">design</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">blog</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">web2.0</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">development</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">technology</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">tools</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">video</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">google</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">news</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">travel</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">music</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">software</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">inspiration</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">flash</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">shopping</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">programming</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">web design</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">photography</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">blogs</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">books</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">art</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">reference</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">food</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">tips</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">mac</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">how to</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">tutorial</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">css</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">politics</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">science</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">javascript</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">web</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">education</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">opensources</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">games</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr><tr style="HEIGHT: 0px"><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">linux</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">free</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: center; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">business</span></span></span></p></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td><td style="BORDER-BOTTOM: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-BOTTOM: 7px; PADDING-LEFT: 7px; PADDING-RIGHT: 7px; VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; BORDER-TOP: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; BORDER-RIGHT: rgb(170,170,170) 1px dotted; PADDING-TOP: 7px"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></td></tr></tbody></table><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span></div><div style="font-family:Times;font-size:medium;color:transparent;"><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">However, it is Interesting that the result of overlapping is more than I expected. Given the fact that these 38 tags are the most popular ones in De.li.cious, the relatively high rate could be due to conformity. Users tend to pick normal or formal terms when they form a tag because it will be easier for them to identify and classify both the groups and individual items. So, there is a big chance these tags can be found in LCSHs, because LCSHs are also </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">conventionally generated from common terms. Therefore, it is hard to deduce or imagine the number of tags that are also LCSHs among the rest of the tags in De.li.cious, we can even suppose that there would be fewer among the less popular ones, and little among the least popular one, for the fact that the less popular tags might be either individualized or indicate newly emerging information that few people know.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">And the factor of some newly emerging information is existing, especially when it comes to websites, is quite a big reason why free-form tags should be existing. If there are terms that none of those professional cataloging and classification system had come out with, these tags could be great complement to De.li.cious or any other sites. In addition, another advantage of free-form tags is that professional cataloging and classification could be hard for general users. It might takes a long time for the users to memorize, or even to learn all the standard terms, and probably will frustrate them. Moreover, free-form tags gives personalization to tags and can form characteristic of the community. According to </span></span></span><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Geisler and Burns, since it “enable all members of the community to see the tags that have been previously used to describe content”, this sharing feature can enhance a sense of belonging of the community among the users.</span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The disadvantages of free-form tags, however, is that they might be non-standard and reduplicated sometimes. Like in the case above where there are both the tag of “blog” and “blogs” in the top 38 popular tags. It is the users personal choice to use which tag but somehow will cause confusion when searching for information or doing researches. So in general, I think the social tagging system and professional cataloging and classification systems can work as complementary supplements to each other, to create a most effective, easy-to-use, and “fancier” tagging system.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span></span></span></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline"></span><br /></span></span><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: none"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;">Reference:</span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><a href="http://www.delicious.com/help/faq#tags"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;">http://www.delicious.com/help/faq#tags</span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: none"></span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><a href="http://www.ieee-tcdl.org/Bulletin/v4n1/geisler/geisler.html"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;">http://www.ieee-tcdl.org/Bulletin/v4n1/geisler/geisler.html</span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: none"></span></span></span></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><a href="http://authorities.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&PAGE=First"><span style="FONT-STYLE: normal; WHITE-SPACE: pre-wrap; VERTICAL-ALIGN: baseline; TEXT-DECORATION: underline"><span class="Apple-style-span"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;">http://authorities.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?DB=local&PAGE=First</span></span></span></a></p><p style="TEXT-ALIGN: justify; MARGIN-TOP: 0pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 0pt"><a href="http://www.slate.com/id/2179393/fr/rss/"><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;">http://www.slate.com/id/2179393/fr/rss/</span></a><span style="font-family:arial;font-size:85%;color:#333333;"> </span></p></div>Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com9tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-65005211848701951012011-02-27T22:42:00.000-08:002011-02-27T22:51:28.100-08:00Session 4<div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></div><div style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The two online communities I chose:</span></div> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">De.li.cious</span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> & </span><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Diigo<o:p></o:p></span></b></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Both of them are social bookmarking service sites, which according to Massa’s article, belong to the type of Opinions and Activities Sharing Sites. In his article, Massa mentioned about De.li.cious and referred it as “the act of trusting takes the form of subscribing”, which could create a loyal relationship between users or users and their interested topics. It is interesting though, despite the fact that Diigo doesn’t have the function of subscribing to a specific user or topic, both sites of De.li.cious and Diigo have other trust mechanisms in work. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">My first experience of social bookmarking service sites started with De.li.cious, which I also considered the most popular one (even Diigo has a tool called “Import From Delicious”). In De.li.cious, there are mainly four functions for registered users. First, users can browse for recent (“Fresh”) or popular (“Hotlist”) bookmarks. Second, users can search for bookmarks with their interests by typing in a specific tag. Third, users can create their own list of bookmarks and use De.li.cous either as a virtual disk to store this information or as a tool to share their opinions of certain websites. At last, being an online community, users can also “follow” specific users or topics, create their own network based on mutual interests. In general, this is a site mostly driven by people’s information needs, even it is indeed an online community and could engender relationship between users, the social capitals that are generated here are largely made up of bridging ones, which is “weak” but “broad”. The trust mechanisms here, besides subscribing, also include networking and reputation. </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The idea of networking, which is to form one’s own networks by adding people in De.li.cious, is more or less like the function of “grouping” in some other online communities. Given the fact that people are more likely to believe the ones that are like them more than the ones that have little or no similar interests or taste with them, users tend to “trust” the values or interestingness of the bookmarks that are provided by users in their own network. The other trust mechanism reputation, is what I consider as a combination of “celebrity effects” and “conformity” in an online community. On the “Hotlist” page, there is a list of popular bookmarks (depend on the number of users that saved them). From my own experience, I tend to believe these are the bookmarks that are more valuable – or at least not bored or offensive – comparing to the less noticed ones, because they have reputations.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Then, for the little experiment, I tried to pick several users who saved a “Hotlist” bookmark that I also find interesting, and add them in my network. After that, by checking my own network, which is composed by bookmarks that are created by my “network friends”, I could tell if this “network” function is working as a trust mechanism by the quantity and quality of the bookmarks in my network.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The first picture is a screen shot of the users who saved a popular bookmark named “chard and white bean stew”, which link to a delightful webpage of recipe with pictures (proved that “Hotlist” stuffs are good!). And by choosing three users who tag this bookmark as “recipe” (like what I will do), I added them to my network and got a list of their bookmarks that are mostly consist of websites or web pages of recipes – like what is shown in the second picture. It might seem not that convincing since there is only my own experience proving my hypothesis, but at least I think it is an attempt to test weather these trust mechanism is working or not in De.li.cious, and in my case, I think they are.</span></p> <span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhTNLT83iRLHQB9eF_Oq2iTjeASYKv4T__Qp8mKSIDOaGPftaH76wB11a0FpJwfqeLNlGFg-dBIFZqNKjORgeC1riWL4qMxaZhp1HQ2M0iqI1LPsmTJ6h4fLxHZm-2pMPcw9t6yLKHxvdqt/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-26+at+8.15.11+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5578627943666633842" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 232px; " /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><br /></p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhvUs2oUwssgWexihRAs01PKnU1hwdFiFnCk1LVlZ7AIRuxMtNIMHu4HmyQqdD1eb12MU4zue2hM3Hb3Hxg_sOrVM4jNbeUlB31wzWBV28elDBMYDxRTRBFQZ24293i6UK80CSjGdkQivMa/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-26+at+8.15.30+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5578628274034219186" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 230px; " /></span><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><br /></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Diigo, the website who consider itself as a “Web Highlighter and Sticky Notes, Online Bookmarking and Annotation, Personal Learning Network” basically holds functions very similar to that of De.li.cious. But there are some other trust mechanisms working here.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Although not with the function of subscribing, Diigo does have a function call “follow me” that runs quite the similar mechanism as subscribing to a particular user. Users can also find a list of popular items and form their own network as well. It is even better when users can search for emails to see if their friends are in Diigo too or not. Further more, users can join or form their own group by topics and leave comments for each item in that group. Also, when users do a keyword search for any topic, the results will come out with a number of people that bookmarked it, which I think works like the action of rating it as “good”, hence makes the marked bookmark credible. Users can leave comments under each bookmark as well. Contrarily, when there is a bookmark that you think boring, or a particular user that you think is a spammer, you can also leave negative comments or “Flag” that user as spammer. Users can even “bury” a link by reporting to the community manager.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVxPC62QBZJ3A-5i7DkF5ctOKlFgN234Rv7BAicnrYSdMm0Duf_-QDPJEVHut8_ESQ3ES5oM1roaeEhU7mLWe3LRyWDYIVsbBWdQHbctF0bComitE_EaG9ALNgymsoKjWSajNKFC2oIsUR/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-27+at+12.44.10+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5578628437583066850" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 232px; " /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Another trust mechanism works in Diigo is that users can preview the webpage first when they click on the bookmark, and have a first impression weather it is a link they want to head to or not. This preview function, will somehow reduce the possibility of linking users to some commercial websites, and made the users trust more of the information Diigo is providing.</span><span style="font-family:宋体; mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPbyghGV6QkNSskPKjnJxnRthjeCqkP-IEZvgePrKsQwz8FUQ0pdHCdVoofs__A3pPcjnfXdVCPJ7oDksl4Nt1kEpsRRfN11tnSC1_QT7FXKtfqE0oOA1yCAc4eRmnbjMDThXRo2f7XTls/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-27+at+12.44.27+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5578628621248732594" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 226px; " /></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">In general, I think the trust mechanism that Diigo use is better than those in De.li.cious, in terms of both quantity and quality. It is also a pity that users cannot sort the bookmarks by popularity in De.li.cious when the results are automatically sorted (descending) in Diigo. As in my case, the preview and comments in Diigo helped a lot when I’m making decisions. However, it might be easier for users if there is a rating scale to look at (like the stars on Ebay) other than reading the comments. And according to </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">A Survey of Trust Use Modeling in Real Online Systems</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">, “exploiting a negative trust statement” will be as helpful as the positive ones too. Although in Diigo, users can report an inappropriate link to the administrator, there are still chances that their claim won’t be approved.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The “searching for friends by email” function in Diigo is also a good try because users will feel good about this OC if they find someone they know offline is also using it. It is like the condition in </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The benefit of Facebook “Friends”: Social Capital and Collage Students’ Use of Online Social Network Sites</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> where the author made a hypothesis: “</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Intensity of Facebook use will be positively associated with individuals' perceived maintained social capital</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">” and collage students use it to relief their “friendsickness”. In this case of bookmarking OCs, the “maintained social capital” will be helping users trust both the community more and the information their friend are promoting. A search for users in the same geographic area will be helpful too since there is a big chance people in the same neighborhood would have some topics and taste alike.</span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">In addition, since bridging social capital is better for “information diffusion”, it is necessary to encourage or stimulate such weak-ties among the users.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">In </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">On and Off the 'Net: Scales for Social Capital in an Online Era</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">, among the four dimensions of measuring users bridging social capital, we can take the data from users “outward looking” and their connection with “a broad range of people” in De.li.cious and Diigo, and use it to analyze what kind of topics people like to take a peak at. I will also suggest a full profile to be displayed in order for users to “get to know new friends” and create some bridging social capital upon it.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">At last, I find that in both De.li.cios and Diigo, the characteristic of the social roles is not clear. It is not like in some other OCs where there are formal roles, informal roles or critical roles and supporting roles. In these bookmarking OCs, users are mostly informal roles, even there is an administrator on the website, he is just “invisible” during the daily activities. However, if the key to a health community, according to </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">A Conceptual and Operational Definition of ‘Social Role’ in Online Community,</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> is the balanceable “interactions between formal and informal roles” and “how they affect the productivity and longevity” of the OC, it is a good way to keep users’ tracks in record, and entitle them different “positions” based on their posts. For example, a user who post too many spam will be a “spammer”, but if he started to contribute to the community, he might gain the title of contributor. At this time, there is the role of “group owner” in Diigo, who forms specific groups by topic and can comment on items in his own group.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">An idea for the final project:</span></span></span></b><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph; mso-pagination:none;mso-layout-grid-align:none;text-autospace:none"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">I’m still not very sure about the idea of entitling users by their activities, I know there are some online games that use this as a method to arrange the users by the time they spend online, like “starter”, ”skilled”, ”master”… But does it make sense for people in a bookmarking online community, or any other opinions and activities sharing sites? What’s more important is, if this is a working instrument, and users tend to believe the ones with higher rank, will it be abused?</span></span></span><span style="mso-bidi-font-family:宋体;mso-bidi- mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;mso-bidi-font-weight:boldfont-family:宋体;font-size:14.0pt;color:black;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <!--EndFragment-->Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com7tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-90452428572659543512011-02-13T21:28:00.000-08:002011-02-13T21:38:27.629-08:00Session 3<div style="text-align: center;"><br /></div><!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">For this assignment, I’d like to start with something I read on a blog today - “Facebook is not really a website anymore”. So what is it? The link directed me to an article on </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Harvard Business Review</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> and revealed the answer: “</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">it's a vast, branded utility</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">”, “</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">like another World Wide Web, but with a profit motive.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">” These words sounds really like they are coming out of some kind of </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">zealots</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, but are actually from quite a rational analytical article that is discussing the significance of Facebook nowadays. It’s been never so true that we are living in a time when people have the free to choose what they like, and </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">significantly, many of them chose to be a member in the virtual world. This phenomenon can be interesting, since there are still so many debates on why the virtual environment is developing so fast, and attracting so many people. The word “profit” was used in the above view I cited, which of course means the motive that drives the founders of Facebook and any other social network sites, but since the users are not profiting (most of the case) from their online activities, what are their motivation of socialing online? Or as Riding and Gefen asked “Why did you join?” Since this question also links to one of my biggest concerns about social computing, I find it indeed interesting in the materials from this session. </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">In </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Why We Twitter: Understanding Microblogging Usage and Communities</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, by showing the datasets, characteristic properties and patterns of the users within Twitter, the authors concluded the main intentions of users’ as “Daily chatter”, “Conversations”, “Sharing information or URLs”, and “Reporting news”. And the main role characters on Twitter can be categorized as “Information Sources”, “Friends”, and “Information Seekers”. Therefore, Motivations can be made based on users’ intention or role. From those complex links in the figures of this article, we may feel that contributions-in-lack is not a problem here in this microblogging system, especially when the authors are using “overwhelmed” to describe users’ situation, but as a relevant article to this session, we can learn that other than the features of “fast” and “frequent”, it is the direct purposes (or intentions) of theirs that make the members contributed in a persisting way. Although it seems like that I am not in a position to judge too much about the activities happening on Twitter since I’m not a “twitterer” myself, I believe I’m starting to get to know the interesting part of this whole idea.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">The article </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Motivating Content Contributions to Online Communities: Toward a More Comprehensive Theory</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> explained several basic conceptions like participation levels in an online community (OC) and results from researches showing the reasons why people are participating in an OC (Maybe it’s because this is the first article I read in this session, I learned a lot from it). Then, by relying on a contribution model, the authors made 11 propositions of how an OC can attract more contributions. These propositions were either built on members personal characteristics, like fulfilling an inherent interests and achieving a sense of self efficacy; or built on environmental factors like making the utmost of usability of the OC and growing a sense of group identity and personal responsibility among the members; or are built on a kind of goal commitment between the members and community. In addition, the authors also showed a balance between the amount of members and the “quality + quantity“ of contribution, which they called a “Knowledge Sharing Dilemma”. From my own experience, I will agree with their points of view because there was a time when some friends and I created a blog to post our reviews of films together. And even I wasn’t an enthusiast of sharing my views with the public, I still tried to write as much and as frequent as I can. And because our target readers are basically the ones on campus, there were more comments than we expected coming everyday – I wondered whether they were really loyal movie fans or just had a sense of responsibility to comment because they might feel that they are special and indispensable to us, but it did make me realize the advantages of a relatively small size community, which is “warm” as those kind of small towns.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Then, in </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Using Social Psychology to Motivate Contributions to Online Communities</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, in order to test how the principles of social psychology can be applied to explain people’s activities in OCs, the authors did four experiments. Hypotheses were made first, with experimental results following behind either supporting or arguing. Among the four experiments, the applied social theories that can be approved in an OCs are: <o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraph" style="margin-left:.25in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;text-indent:-.25in;mso-list: l0 level1 lfo2"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">1.</span></span><span style="font:7.0pt "Times New Roman""><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Members intended to work harder by themselves than within a group. But they will also </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:georgia;font-size:medium;">devote if their works and identities are achieving recognition by the group or its members.</span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">2.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Members will contribute more if they find their works are unique. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">3.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">If there is an appropriate goal set, members tend to contribute more than no goals or “missions impossible”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">And theories that is surprisingly contrary with the reality in an OC or that is still remained unproved are:<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">1.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Rather than generating more communication with the ones they are similar with, members will actually communicate more with the one they are “least similar”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">2.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Highlighting the benefits of their contributions to either the member themselves or others will dampen them, but only when notifying these benefits to both sides will encourage the member to contribute more.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">3.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Extrinsic motivation might not work as well as intrinsic motivation, and may even damage the zeal of members with intrinsic motivation.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">4.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Although members tend to work harder with individual task, they will be more motivated for a group task with group identification.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">In general, by summarizing these proved social psychology theory, it can be deduced that: a best motivating mode will be members contributing to a group task of “specific challenging goals” while they can feel their work is unique and indispensable for achieving the goals. Even social psychology theory may not explain every phenomenon in OCs, it could work “as a source of principles that can be a generally useful strategy” for the design of OCs. And speaking of those unproved theories, I’m afraid I have to rebut on the one that said extrinsic motivation might “reduces members intrinsic interest in contributing.” For me, if I was going to post on an OC, I will feel lucky if there are unexpected extrinsic rewards since I’m going to post anyway, and it might even encourage me to post more in the future.<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">For the rest two articles, I will discuss them with my OC observation while revealing the incorporate concepts I found within them. This community I chose is a Bulletin Board on a website named </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Makeupalley</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, which works both as a consumer-generated database and an online community. The database consists of information and reviews of cosmetics and skincare products, and other than some basic social network functions like “profiling” and adding members as “favorites”, there is a “SWAP” board that works as a free exchange market letting members to change their unwanted cosmetics or skincare products with others. Based on the data shown on the website, it has an amount of 1,226,314 active members. <o:p></o:p></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Modes of Participation in </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Makeupalley</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">:<o:p></o:p></span></span></u></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><u><o:p><span style="text-decoration:none"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"> </span></span></span></o:p></u></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Generate database content<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Post content in Boards<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Reply on others’ posts<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Flag posts<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Add posts to “favorites”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Add members to “favorites”<o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Send private messages</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 238); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; font-family:Georgia, serif;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEj8J6cpGYERGHmC8cNyhgQHVEa5K_hwWJFYxV4zkW1Q-x4jK-nbkxoBmulxCPHadiM8DDHrTd7HbuSsh-e3W-f0kMQo7oPCsRgJrrZILZvGm3COFqorOVL5dAfOdvv1HKcgBfrbMPE0dZ4l/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-13+at+7.45.36+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5573413913651042130" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 200px; " /></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 238); font-family:Georgia, serif;"><br /></span></span></span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align:center"><u><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(0, 0, 238); font-family:Georgia, serif;"><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi2XgIlks6300ybYGZ-QO9F3iYERHpKKTfyXD5nrICKHfwmfOKlvnqPmT-YO5ksDm5qiSwStHTHw-dGq3lu0b9r1XZMhtbcMl2jJOjk9OvyYPvdGsT4ygHUL5ERmhb4DjnAe2iCfRPYbLIw/s400/Screen+shot+2011-02-13+at+7.46.52+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5573414229570945362" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 271px; " /></span></span></span></u></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" align="center" style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">By providing the information and data of this online community, the question ‘</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">why people come to online community’</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> rose in </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Virtual Community Attraction: Why People Hang Out Online </span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">is demonstrated. First, the members are looking for information or new friends; second, they are seeking for social support or recreation. And though the purpose of information exchange is taking up most of the part in motivating people’s online activities, the purpose of seeking for social supports and then friendships is – according to the article – taking up 1/3 of the amount. In </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Makeupalley’s </span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Bulletin Board, we can see so many posts of purely social chatting or inquiry of personal concerns, even in those boards of Makeup or Skin Care, it is a proof that members are using OC seeking social support while looking for specific information. And the hyperlink of each member is also a good function that one can use to get access to that member, and build a potential friendship upon this activity.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">The trends in </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Examining Social Media Usage: Technology Clusters and Social Network Site Membership</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> can also be showed by the example above. “The characteristics of social technology users can be reflected in their online activities.” Although we have no idea about how members of </span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">Makeupalley</span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> feel about their </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">computer self-efficacy</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">, it can be seen that “extroverts and those willing to self-disclose” may like to share and contribute more. Especially when members can post their own photos in the “member centers”, it is an action that calls for more “open” characteristics, no matter in the real world or virtual world.</span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: left;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">At last, as a regular member of several OCs, I want to share some experiences of my own other than these experimental or theoretical conclusions above. There are some moments that I feel some impulsions to participate in an online community just because of its “virtual-ness”. I guess it is more or </span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;">less like a kind of social sense to integrate into a virtual society, which is a trend and seems to work as a really important role in future. And even these societies are not that “real”, and people are not getting substantial benefits (most of the time), they are indeed certain networks, or communities that we choose based on self-interests or self-cognition, hence make it more valuable.</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:medium;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"><br /></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">Reference:</span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"> </span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2011/02/what_is_facebook_is_becoming.html"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://blogs.hbr.org/cs/2011/02/what_is_facebook_is_becoming.html</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%203%3A%20Motivation%20for%20participation/java-why-we-twitter.pdf"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%203%3A%20Motivation%20for%20participation/java-why-we-twitter.pdf</span></span></span></a><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;"> </span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%203%3A%20Motivation%20for%20participation/tedjamulia-motivating-content-contributions.pdf"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%203%3A%20Motivation%20for%20participation/tedjamulia-motivating-content-contributions.pdf</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00273.x/full"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2005.tb00273.x/full</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2242/2066"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2242/2066</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2004.tb00229.x/full"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.eres.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/doi/10.1111/j.1083-6101.2004.tb00229.x/full</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.makeupalley.com/board/"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#000000;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size:small;">http://www.makeupalley.com/board/</span></span></span></a></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <!--EndFragment-->Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com6tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-17253425106522517362011-01-30T18:58:00.000-08:002011-01-30T19:22:27.062-08:00Session 2<div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Call me old fashioned, but I was never a big fan of social networking until I found out how convenient and economical it was to communicate with my “far-flung” friends through MSN messenger. Later on, although still not appealed to the idea of meeting strangers online, sharing information and opinions with “shared-enthusiasms” in the virtual world attracted me, especially when this kind of chance is few in the real world.</span></span></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Among the five readings I did (listed below) for this session, all of them mentioned the question of interactional influence between online and offline activities, in other words, interactions within the cyberspace and physical space concerning social networking. Interestingly, more than one article used the word “shallow” to describe online “friendships”, which can be a little prejudicial. It reminds me of what my dad said when he saw me spending too much time online back in high school, “The more time you spent online, the less you can learn in the real world.” In his mind, no matter how efficient our life and work are with the use of Internet, “face to face” interaction is still irreplaceable, and online communication is more or less “dull”.<o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">My dad’s point of view may represent some people’s attitudes toward social computing, but obviously not those in our materials. It is more like revealing the bright sides of social computing in this session, especially compared to the implications we discussed last week. First of all, no matter online or offline, according to David C. Evans, the human behavior patterns that were involved are all the same, only the online activities can reach a wider range, hence make social computing “a slight evolution in human relations”. A handy instance will be “Six Degree of Separation”, no matter it has been completely proven or not. In </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Virtual Friendship and the New Narcissism</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">, a point of view is looking for friendship online seems to be focused on quantity while offline choices often highlight the quality. Though this is the current situation of having too many online friends, it can be considered as an action of “status seeking”, which can be a proof of users online status, and since on many SNSs, users’ friendship can be managed by grouping, this situation can be explained as maintaining the quality when pursuing for quantity.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Albrechtslund, who talked about two trends in building friendship regarding social computing: online-to-offline and offline-to-online, discussed the question of people’s lives after their social computing activities. According to him, as users’ digital trails are “external”, they probably will get influence by those trails in their real world life. Albrechtslund also criticized on Tribble’s point that users’ online activities might destroy their offline opportunities. To me, this seems to be discriminate as well, it’s even like Big Brother is watching, and waiting to seize upon someone’s honest mistakes, to some extent. And by studying the relations between Internet use and depression, LaRose came out with some results concerning interactions of online and offline psychological conditions. Positively, social computing with real-world friends can alleviate depression, like when my grandparents also started to use MSN messenger to communicate with me after I came to the U.S.; yet negatively, stresses that users got from the virtual world might come before, but not after those stresses from the real world. But anyway, it is not like social computing will diminish established strong social ties (offline) – like what social displacement hypothesis figured, and maybe what my dad thought! Instead, another hypothesis stated in Galston’s article is that youngsters are likely to transfer their online grouping mode to their offline social practice, and bring big changes to real world organizations. If we agree with Galston’s values of the two principal cultural forces of Contemporary American society, we should be prepared for the possibilities of both the manner of making individual choices and community belongingness will be influenced by social computing activities.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">While writing these above, I kept thinking about one question: what are the different levels that can describe the relations between users’ online and offline social network? At this moment, I am only able to figure out three: preservation, extension, and reverse. The first level is a more like a convenient reflection of the real world network, which can be explained by my grandparents, who only use MSN messenger to communicate with family. The second level - extension, can be described as an expansion of people’s real lives. They reflect their true identities in the online social network. By doing this, first, there social links are increased; then, they not only expand their own experiences for certain object or subject, but also enrich other people’s experiences when commuting with them online. This will be the level I would like to investigate this time when I’m exploring through an online community.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">The community I chose is </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Polyvore </span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">– a crowd-sourcing site for fashion lovers. I wonder if this site is sponsored by some commercial websites or not since it has prices and hyperlinks to them, but at least it is a good place for them to spread their information. The main function of this site is an application that works like “dress up your Barbie”, only there is no Barbie, but a clipboard where users can drag their favorite items together to build up an outfit and post it. And all those “items”, are pictures of clothes, shoes, and accessories that come from online stores. This is the main part of this community, like the diary function in a blog site where users can express their opinions. Besides, there are basic SNSs functions like profile, comment, grouping, and “like” tag. There is also a “Q&A” section where users can give their opinions to some other users. It is quite a coincidence when I was browsing that I saw a question about maxi skirts, which I was able to answer because I just got one for myself several days ago.</span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><img src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjSPAWpTaGIldvmEOdCxjWskdNhtNTw65Pdzm9QbXbjPLoBX8UBxi4JGlCAVFab1q-V6d4x5F8S5ex_Z0p9vsUFMmkeraNJGy8hWTzJNHpzw_GXLH2pwX8iQSF7m-bjLqfB4no2uZQ79PfZ/s400/Screen+shot+2011-01-29+at+9.49.40+PM.png" border="0" alt="" id="BLOGGER_PHOTO_ID_5568180655678255458" style="display: block; margin-top: 0px; margin-right: auto; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-left: auto; text-align: center; cursor: pointer; width: 400px; height: 229px; " /></span></span></p><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 255); -webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span><!--StartFragment--><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">In general, my experiences here satisfied me, and speaking of what this allow me to do that I couldn’t have done offline? Tons! First, I would never have the chance to know so many talented stylish people and their views of fashion since I am not working for </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Vogue</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> or </span></span></span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">Harper’s Bazaar</span></span></span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">; Secondly, by posting my “sets” and “comments”, I got the chance to know what my “taste” is like by others’ commenting and responding, I will also be willing to share my experience and knowledge that come from this site with my real world friends, and</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">all of these are also extending my experiences of fashion (very little though) that I would like to take as a case to explain the extension level of peoples’ online social networking compared to their offline social networking.</span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><o:p></o:p></span></span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"><br /></span></span></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;"> </span></span></span></o:p></p> <div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="-webkit-text-decorations-in-effect: underline; "><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">At last, about the third level or reflection, which is a reverse of status that people show in their online social networking activities compared to their real-life experience, which included some activities for fun and some of Internet fraud is not discussed here. But I would like to hear your advices about the topic, and maybe next time, I can pretend to be a masculine fisherman to get some inspiration </span></span></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-family:georgia;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="font-size: large;">:)</span></span></span></div></span></div><div style="text-align: justify;"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Cambria;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Cambria;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Cambria;"><br /></span></div><div><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" ;font-family:Cambria;"> <!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoNormal">Reference:</p> <p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99094257"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=99094257</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/virtual-friendship-and-the-new-narcissism"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">http://www.thenewatlantis.com/publications/virtual-friendship-and-the-new-narcissism</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2142/1949"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">http://firstmonday.org/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/view/2142/1949</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.behavior.net/JOB/v1n2/paradox.html"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">http://www.behavior.net/JOB/v1n2/paradox.html</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%202%3A%20Social%20aspects%20of%20social%20computing/galston-does-the-internet-strengthen-community.pdf"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%202%3A%20Social%20aspects%20of%20social%20computing/galston-does-the-internet-strengthen-community.pdf</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language: ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p> <p class="MsoNormal"><a href="http://www.polyvore.com/"><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;">http://www.polyvore.com/</span></a><span style="mso-bidi-mso-fareast-language:ZH-CN;font-family:宋体;"> <o:p></o:p></span></p> <!--EndFragment--> </span></div> <!--EndFragment--> </span></span> <!--EndFragment-->Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com13tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-1719450128881754291.post-39092941922445973452011-01-16T23:14:00.000-08:002011-01-20T19:17:15.030-08:00Session 1<!--StartFragment--> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><span class="Apple-style-span" style=" color: rgb(34, 34, 34); font-style: italic; line-height: 21px; font-family:Georgia, Utopia, 'Palatino Linotype', Palatino, serif;font-size:15px;">The shooting of Arizona Rep. Gabrielle Giffords and the 19 other people injured or killed on Jan 8, 2011, is being reported with many references to the role of social media, in terms of what motivated the tragedy and people's reactions to it. Find one of these references (include a link) and analyze, evaluate and apply what you feel are relevant concepts from at least four of the six required Session 1 readings to the role of social media in this story. You may post links to more than one news story to illustrate concepts from different readings if you like, but be sure your post is substantive enough to demonstrate your understanding of the relevant concepts from the papers you cite. Conclude by providing a brief definition of social computing, and comment on its potential power as a motivating force for positive and negative social phenomena. </span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><br /></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto">Link 1:</p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><a href="http://news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20110109/tr_ac/7570178_using_social_media_to_understand_the_gabrielle_giffords_tragedy">http://news.yahoo.com/s/ac/20110109/tr_ac/7570178_using_social_media_to_understand_the_gabrielle_giffords_tragedy</a></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto">Link 2:</p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><a href="http://tucsoncitizen.com/social-citizen/2011/01/09/social-media-on-full-display-in-wake-of-gabrielle-giffords-shooting/">http://tucsoncitizen.com/social-citizen/2011/01/09/social-media-on-full-display-in-wake-of-gabrielle-giffords-shooting/</a> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto">Link 3:</p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><a href="http://blastmagazine.com/2011/01/08/rep-gabrielle-giffords-shot-social-media-erupts/">http://blastmagazine.com/2011/01/08/rep-gabrielle-giffords-shot-social-media-erupts/</a> </p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><o:p> </o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Browsing news of the shooting that happened one week ago, I didn’t realize its relationship with the social computing in the beginning, but the three links above inspired me with some details of this tragedy.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">First I have to say, it surprised me when I saw that even the congresswoman was twittering her activities. It is amazing how technology influences our daily lives in a good way – more convenient and more stylish. However, as the mouse scrolling down, questions and concerns are also emerging. We know that from the report in Link 1, authorities are locating information from the suspect’s account at Facebook and YouTube, where hints of his motives could be found. Luckily, these traces of his can be tracked, but what about his traces or records that are not open to the public? Can researchers get access to information that is password-protected? In this case, maybe yes, because Jared Lee Loughner is already arrested as a suspect. But what if we are just worrying about someone being a dangerous person, do researches, or even police officers have the right to access his private information? Just like what is mentioned in the article </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Social Network Sites: Definition, History, and Scholarship</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">, these kinds of problems concerning privacy still need to be researched in this field.</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_edn1" name="_ednref" title="">[i]</a></span></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Another question is, if a third party is surveiling a suspect, or any dangerous person, will it be necessary and legal to surveil his “friends”, or the ones who “tag” him or “follow” him as well? At least for pessimist, these people might be “dangerous” too. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;tab-stops:1.1in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Anyway, I do agree that the activity of social computing is an extension of our daily social lives, so people’s behavior in real life can be reflected by his digital thinking to some extent, and there should be attentions paid to these SNSs, especially when it concerns public crisis. But how to balance between social security and personal privacy would be a main issue, and another problem is whenever there is a person being observed or analyzed, how to avoid fake or blur information.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph;tab-stops:1.1in"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">The other two reports above prove another trend, which is how social computing “change the ways of how news is spreading” nowadays, while revealing both positive and negative implications.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Positively, news is spreading faster, “minutes after the shooting happened”; more targeting: via text message, tweeter, or any SNSs that go straight to people who are interested (or who had subscribed). Also, other than spreading news on tweeter and digging the suspect from his activities of social computing, there is this another one form involved in this event in a worthy way: blogging. As quoting from </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Blogging as social activity, or would you let 900 million people read your dairy? </span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">There is a kind of “Object-oriented activity in blogging” that “Update others on activities and whereabouts”</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_edn2" name="_ednref" title="">[ii]</a></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">. </span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><a href="Http://tucsonunited.tumblr.com/">Http://tucsonunited.tumblr.com/</a></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> gives us this example by making it a place for people to mourn online, while the same kind of action is taking place on Facebook.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Negatively, though news or comments are spreading fast on SNSs, correctness and accuracy of the information may not appear perfectly. From the report in Link 2, these kinds of imperfection are demonstrated through examples like: message of the congresswoman been dead and the misspelling of the suspect’s name. Even though these mistakes won’t cause serious consequences as long as long they are readdressed immediately, anther type of motion would be capturing more attentions.</span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">This type of motion includes “Special interest groups, whether hate groups, political action committees”</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_edn3" name="_ednref" title="">[iii]</a></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> whom might take advantages from spreading out information that is either incorrect or bias. Like the people being reported in Link 3 who seems not big fans of Palin. In other words, that is to say without authority sources, everything spreading through SNSs can be doubtful. And in my opinion, being doubtful isn’t the worst; what’s more dangerous is to trust blindly. In </span><i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Online Databases-Web 2.0: Our Cultural Downfall?</span></i><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> The author made an example of buyer-seller relationship, but there are other kinds of relationship that should be more aware of this kind of negative implication, which comes from information spreaded by non-authority sources through the SNSs. Furthermore, information from these non-authority sources might be cited by “trustworthy old media” and cause a profound impact.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">By and large, this social computing activity that based on the technology of Web 2.0 application is undeniable spreading. Since every single person or community is able to generate content, we are living in a “participatory culture”, which calls for obligation and responsibility, like any society or culture will claim for. In Beer and Burrow’s article</span><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><a href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_edn4" name="_ednref" title="">[iv]</a></span></span><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">, an instance was made of the relationship between the students, staffs and teachers, while in our case is the relationship between citizens (or public) and officials. But no matter what kind of pattern it is, the people who are enjoying the benefit from social computing should all face the same question “concerning the future of surveillance, trust and privacy in a Web 2.0 enabled consumer society.” I will prefer to believe that so far as the negative implications can be eliminated, social computing can work as the glue to bring people together in a vaster, faster and more systematic and classified way. But until now, the side effects from this glue still exist, i.e. lacking authority, mistaken of accuracy, taken advantages of for vandalism by some individuals or communities, and violation of privacy. It is even imaginable that illegal activities are taking place just now using SNSs as an instrument.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto; text-align:justify;text-justify:inter-ideograph"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">At last, I came out a short definition that might need to be improved: Social computing is an activity of socialing in a virtual environment based on the technology of Web 2.0 (at least now), and calls for the social order with its own adaptation.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><o:p><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"> </span></o:p></p> <p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="margin-left:0in;mso-add-space:auto"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;">Reference:</span></p> <div style="mso-element:endnote-list"><span class="Apple-style-span" style="color:#333333;"><br /></span> <hr align="left" size="1" width="33%"> <div style="mso-element:endnote" id="edn"> <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><a style="mso-endnote-id:edn" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_ednref" name="_edn1" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote">[i]</span></span></a><a href="http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html">http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html</a> </p> </div> <div style="mso-element:endnote" id="edn"> <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><a style="mso-endnote-id:edn" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_ednref" name="_edn2" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote">[ii]</span></span></a><a href="https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%201%3A%20Introduction%20and%20overview%3A%20Conceptions%20of%20social%20computing/nardi-blogging-as-social-activity.pdf">https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%201%3A%20Introduction%20and%20overview%3A%20Conceptions%20of%20social%20computing/nardi-blogging-as-social-activity.pdf</a> (via UH login)</p> </div> <div style="mso-element:endnote" id="edn"> <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><a style="mso-endnote-id:edn" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_ednref" name="_edn3" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote">[iii]</span></span></a><a href="http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6510681.html?industryid=47130">http://www.libraryjournal.com/article/CA6510681.html?industryid=47130</a><span style="mso-spacerun: yes"> </span></p> </div> <div style="mso-element:endnote" id="edn"> <p class="MsoEndnoteText"><a style="mso-endnote-id:edn" href="http://www.blogger.com/post-edit.g?blogID=1719450128881754291&postID=3909294192244597345#_ednref" name="_edn4" title=""><span class="MsoEndnoteReference"><span style="mso-special-character: footnote">[iv]</span></span></a><a href="https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%201%3A%20Introduction%20and%20overview%3A%20Conceptions%20of%20social%20computing/beer-sociology-of-Web-2.html">https://laulima.hawaii.edu/access/content/group/MAN.88616.201130/Session%201%3A%20Introduction%20and%20overview%3A%20Conceptions%20of%20social%20computing/beer-sociology-of-Web-2.html</a> (via UH login)</p> </div> </div> <!--EndFragment-->Nanhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/04746206880937385503noreply@blogger.com10